España, también denominado Reino
de España, es un país soberano, miembro de la Unión Europea, constituido en
Estado social y democrático de derecho y cuya forma de gobierno es la monarquía
parlamentaria. Su territorio está organizado en diecisiete comunidades
autónomas y dos ciudades autónomas, además de cincuenta provincias.12 Su
capital es la villa de Madrid.
Es un país transcontinental que
se encuentra situado tanto en Europa Occidental como en el norte de África. En
Europa ocupa la mayor parte de la península ibérica, conocida como España
peninsular, y el archipiélago de las islas Baleares (en el mar Mediterráneo
occidental); en África se hallan las ciudades de Ceuta (en la península
Tingitana) y Melilla (en el cabo de Tres Forcas), las islas Canarias (en el
océano Atlántico nororiental), las islas Chafarinas (mar Mediterráneo), el
peñón de Vélez de la Gomera (mar Mediterráneo), las islas Alhucemas (golfo de
las islas Alhucemas), y la isla de Alborán (mar de Alborán). El municipio de
Llivia, en los Pirineos, constituye un enclave rodeado totalmente por territorio
francés. Completa el conjunto de territorios una serie de islas e islotes
frente a las propias costas peninsulares.
Tiene una extensión de 504 645
km², siendo el cuarto país más extenso del continente, tras Rusia, Ucrania y
Francia. Con una altitud media de 650 metros es uno de los países más
montañosos de Europa. Su población es de 47 129 783 habitantes, según datos del
padrón municipal de 2013. El territorio peninsular comparte fronteras
terrestres con Francia y con Andorra al norte, con Portugal al oeste y con el
territorio de Gibraltar al sur. En sus territorios africanos, comparte
fronteras terrestres y marítimas con Marruecos. Comparte con Francia la
soberanía sobre la isla de los Faisanes en la desembocadura del río Bidasoa y
cinco facerías pirenaicas.
De acuerdo con la Constitución
española, el castellano o español es la lengua oficial del Estado y todos los
españoles tienen el deber de conocerla y el derecho a usarla. En 2006, era la
lengua materna del 89 % de los españoles. Otras lenguas, también españolas, son
reconocidas como cooficiales en diversas comunidades autónomas, conforme a los
Estatutos de Autonomía.
La economía española es la 13.ª
economía mundial en términos de PIB, mientras que el PIB per cápita español se
situó en 2011 en la media de la Unión Europea. Es el 8.º país del mundo con
mayor presencia de multinacionales.25 26 Además, según el informe de 2014 de la
ONU, tiene un índice de desarrollo humano muy alto (0,869). Por contra, la
economía española presenta, según datos de 2013 del Eurostat, un coeficiente de
Gini de 33,7, lo que se traduce en la quinta mayor desigualdad social de la
eurozona —por detrás de Grecia, Letonia, Lituania y Portugal—, 3,2 puntos por
encima de la media de la Unión Europea.
Due to its rich history and vibrant culture, Spain attracts tourists from all over the world. Their breathtaking landscapes, which range from the Mediterranean coast's beaches to the majestic Pirineos Mountains, provide a wide range of unique experiences. Cities like Barcelona and Madrid are true architectural and cultural treasures, with world-famous museums and a vibrant nightlife. With tapas, paella, and exquisite wines that delight the palate, Spanish cuisine is a treat for the senses. Any vacation to Spain will be an unforgettable experience thanks to the hospitality and warmth of the Spanish people.
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ResponderBorrarThis article provides a general overview of Spain, but will delve deeper into specific aspects such as culture, history, and tourism to provide a more comprehensive experience. It will highlight current events, relevant news, and trends shaping the Spanish landscape, while considering the inclusion of representative images from different regions. The article will also explore the possibility of including interesting or statistical data, such as economic, demographic, or cultural data, to offer a more enriching perspective. The article concludes with an invitation for readers to share their experiences or comments on Spain, fostering participation and community.
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